April 16, 2009
GGP Has Finally Filed Bankruptcy, Proving My Analysis to be On Point Over the Course of 18 Months
by Reggie Middleton
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I am still in the process of preparing the Goldman Sachs stress tests for
publication, but came across this headline in Bloomberg: General
Growth Files for Protection in Biggest U.S. Real Estate Bankruptcy.
This prompted me to excerpt a portion of the Pro level Stress Test Analysis
to publish on the public blog. Remember that Goldman has some of the highest
VaR numbers of the bulge bracket save the collapsed Lehman Brothers, who collapsed
in large part due to their commercial real estate exposure (as well as Bear
Stearns). I also want to point out the investment horizon that I use when implementing
my research. With the recent bear market rally forcing shorts into drawdown,
keep in mind that my research looks 3 months to 1 year out. I personally bought
puts on GGP at $60 and suffered through many a drawdown before the position
reached fruition. That means that if I say XYZ company has poor prospects and
that company doubles in price within 3 months, it really has no bearing on
whether said analysis was right or wrong. I have absolutely no control or special
insights into the markets. I can tell you if a company is in trouble though.
The issue is, this trouble takes time to manifest, and this time period is
often more than just a few months. Be prepared to hold on to your positions
for a year or more. Trust me, it is worth it and I am right more often than
not. Shorting a company from $60 to $1 yields a very strong IRR of return on
an annual basis. Patience is both justified and highly rewarded. A lack of
patience and weak hands easily turns a big profit into a big loss.
Goldman Sach's CMBS Pressure Points and Other Risk Factors Not Reflect
in VaR
I have been banging the table about the unappreciated risk the commercial
real estate market poses since September of 2007 - way before the crowd of
investors, pundits, analysts and media. See:
Well, the nations second largest property owner and REIT has just filed chapter
11, after I warned readers over a year and a half ago of this very distinct
possibility. See General
Growth Files for Protection in Biggest U.S. Real Estate Bankruptcy then
go on to read the 80 or so pages of research that I have generated to support
riding the share price down from $60 to near zero: GGP
and the type of investigative analysis you will not get from your brokerage
house.
This underappreciated risk will reverberate through investment banks, insurers,
money center and regional banks alike for these are the sourced of the large
nonrecourse loans and CMBS that funded these vehicles. In addition, the retail
mall REITs will see significant hits to asset prices and consequently rents
(more so than they have already seen, which has been significant already) which
will put additional stress on debt service. Keep in mind that the GGP issue
is not confined to GGP. Debt that had financed assets during a property bubble
cannot be rolled over due to a dearth in financing - causing bankruptcy. Chances
are that this will be seen several more times in the next 8 quarters or so.
Long story short - expect valuations, rents, credit quality and cashflows to
drop as vacancies and delinquencies rise.

Break up of mortgage backed securities |
| |
Q4 07 |
Q1 08 |
Q2 08 |
Total mortgage backed securities |
54073 |
51852 |
37523 |
Commercial real estate |
19,020 |
19440 |
16572 |
Residential |
22837 |
19070 |
15238 |
Prime |
14,370 |
12290 |
8597 |
Alt-A |
6,358 |
4940 |
4704 |
Sub prime |
2,109 |
1840 |
1937 |
Loan portfolio |
12216 |
13342 |
5713 |
As the CRE market starts to deteriorate and the CMBS market
collapses, the entities that are holding these securities through high
leverage (Goldman currently has a roughly 22x leverage ratio) will be
very sensitive to any changes in valuation. Goldman holds nearly $17
billion in CMBS, an at 22x leverage will be hurt if the GGPs of the world
force realistic marks to be made through real world transaction, ex.
Bankruptcy. |
As a percentage of total mortgage backed securities |
| |
Q4 07 |
Q1 08 |
Q2 08 |
Commercial real estate |
35.17% |
37.49% |
44.16% |
Residential |
42.23% |
36.78% |
40.61% |
Prime |
26.58% |
23.70% |
22.91% |
Alt-A |
11.76% |
9.53% |
12.54% |
Sub prime |
3.90% |
3.55% |
5.16% |
Loan portfolio |
22.59% |
25.73% |
15.23% |
The commercial real estate risk that Goldman Sachs is woefully underappreciated
by the market and apparently unknown to the sell side analytical community.
Take it from the guy that clearly anticipated the fall of Bear Stearns (Is
this the Breaking of the Bear? [Sunday, 27 January 2008]) and (with the
help of his readers) pointed out the Lehman Brothers CRE implosion connection
(Is
Lehman really a lemming in disguise? [Thursday, 21 February 2008]), as
well as the GGP debacle in full detail (GGP
and the type of investigative analysis you will not get from your brokerage
house). Goldman has risk here, among other places that aren't even visible
in its rapidly increasing VaR numbers....

Other risk exposure not included in VaR |
| |
Q1 07 |
Q2 07 |
Q3 07 |
Q4 07 |
Q1 08 |
Q2 08 |
Trading Risk |
Equity |
512 |
709 |
1,183 |
1,325 |
1,094 |
1,102 |
Debt |
782 |
1,045 |
934 |
1,020 |
1,112 |
1,147 |
Non-trading Risk |
SMFG |
133 |
130 |
99 |
41 |
0 |
0 |
ICBC |
217 |
205 |
231 |
250 |
239 |
262 |
Other Equity |
462 |
591 |
1,059 |
1,054 |
1,083 |
1,224 |
Debt |
222 |
277 |
403 |
500 |
550 |
637 |
Real Estate |
455 |
497 |
708 |
1108 |
1241 |
1369 |
Total |
2,783 |
3454 |
4617 |
5,298 |
5,319 |
5,741 |
See also: The
Official Reggie Middleton Bank Stress Tests
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Reggie
Middleton
Reggie Middleton, LLC
Perpetual Interests, LLCTM
http://boombustblog.com/
Who am I?
Well, I fancy myself the personification of the free thinking
maverick, the ultimate non-conformist as it applies to investment and analysis.
I am definitively outside the box - not your typical or stereotypical Wall
Street investor. I work out of my home, not a Manhattan office. I build my
own technology and perform my own research - in lieu of buying it or following
the crowd. I create and follow my own macro strategies and am by definition,
a contrarian to the nth degree.
Since I use my research as a tool for my own investing
to actually put food on my table, I can stand behind it as doing what it is
supposed too - educate, illustrate and elucidate. I do not sell advice, I am
not a reporter hence do not sell stories, and I do not sell research. I am
an entrepreneur who exists just outside of mainstream corporate America and
Wall Street. This allows me freedom to do things that many can not. For instance,
I pride myself on developing some of the highest quality research available,
regardless of price. No conflicts of interest, no corporate politics, no special
favors. Just the hard truth as I have found it - and believe me, my team and
I do find it! I welcome any and all to peruse my blog, use my custom hacked
collaborative social tools, read the articles, download the files, and make
a critical comparison of the opinion referencing the situation at hand and
the time stamp on the blog post to the reality both at the time of the post
and the present. Hopefully, you will be as impressed with the Boom Bust as
I am and our constituency.
I pay for significant information and data, and am well
aware of the value of quality research. I find most currently available research
lacking, in both quality and quantity. The reason why I had to create my own
research staff was due to my dissatisfaction with what was currently available
- to both individuals and institutions.
So here I am, creating my own research for my own investment
activity. What really sets my actions apart is that I offer much of what I
produce to the public without charge - free to distribute and redistribute,
as long as it is left unaltered and full attribution is given to the author
and owner. Why would I do such a thing when others easily charge 5 and 6 digits
annually for what some may consider a lesser product? It is akin to open
source analysis! My ideas and implementations are actually improved and
fine tuned when bounced off of the collective intellect of the many, in lieu
of that of the few - no matter how smart those few may believe themselves to
be.
Very recently, I have started charging for the forensics
portion of my work, which has freed up the resources to develop the site to
deliver even more research for free, particularly on the global macro and opinion
front. This move has allowed me to serve an more diverse constituency, which
now includes the institutional consumer (ie., investment turned consumer banks,
hedge funds, pensions, etc,) as well as the newbie individual investor who
is just getting started - basically the two polar opposites of the investing
spectrum. I am proud to announce major banks as paying clients, and brand new
investors who take my book recommendations and opinions on true wealth and
success to heart.
So, this is how I use my background and knowledge in new
media, distributed computing, risk management, insurance, financial engineering,
real estate, corporate valuation and financial analysis to pursue, analyze
and capitalize on global macroeconomic opportunities. I have included a more
in depth bio at the bottom of the page for those who really, really need to
know more about me.
Visit his blog Boom
Bust Blog.
Copyright © 2007-2009 Reggie Middleton
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