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"The past does not repeat itself, but it rhymes." -- Mark Twain
Series - Part 1 of 7
Part 1: The Current Investment Landscape
Part 2: Germany's Inflation In The 1920s
Part 3: The Dollar vs. Gold - You Should Care
Part 4: U.S. Stocks, Inflation, and Relative Valuations
Part 5: Commodities In Today's World
Part 6: Investing In A 'Flat World'
Part 7: Global Real Estate, Inflation, and Relative Valuations
Part 1: The Current Investment Landscape
Alan Greenspan's' "irrational exuberance" speech was delivered in 1996 (roughly
10 years ago). An argument can be made that the continued inflation of the
money supply during the last decade has enabled investors to remain "irrationally
exuberant" while participating in the stock, bond, currency, and real estate
markets. As a professional money manager or an individual investor, an understanding
of inflation may be key when setting out to construct a profitable mix of investments
or to preserve your hard-earned wealth.

For the purpose of this series of articles, we will consider inflation to
be an increase in the money supply either via electronic means (bank deposits)
or the printing press. A rise in the price of an asset or consumer good is
the result of many factors, including an increase in the money supply. While
we like the result, an increase in the value of stocks, bonds, real estate,
etc., is a symptom of inflating the money supply. From the consumer's point
of view, there is good price inflation (assets) and bad price inflation (consumer
goods).
The last decade has been a difficult period to be a hardcore value investor.
Any historical knowledge of PE ratios at bull market peaks and bear market
bottoms leaves you scratching your head when examining stock market behavior
since 1998. Based on the history of bull and bear market cycles in almost any
asset class from tulip bulbs to stocks, the stock market should have never
gone to the unheard of extremes in 2000, nor should stocks have bottomed at
eye-popping PEs in late 2002. In a similar but less pronounced light, historical
price-to-rent ratios, PEs for real estate, say the prices for residential real
estate are extended in many U.S. cities.
To date, our current reality has yet to follow these historical valuation
scripts. Stocks did go off the charts in 2000 and they did bottom in 2002.
Much to the amazement of the students of real estate booms and busts, the current
boom has had impressive staying power. What has enabled both stocks and real
estate to defy historical valuation checks and balances? While there are many
forces at work, the increase in the money supply on a global basis and the
lure of credit via low interest rates are near the top of the list.
That's great, but how does that help us now? Barring a radical change in policy,
you can expect more of the same from the Federal Reserve and global central
banks in the future. Why? The economy is so dependent on the "wealth effect" created
by elevated stock and real estate prices that they have no choice but to attempt
to keep them elevated. Therefore, on a long-term basis, you can expect the
aggressive expansion of the global money supply to continue, and you can expect
the Federal Funds Rate to be lowered at the first sign of any serious economic
trouble. As a taxpayer, professional money manager, and consumer, I do not
approve of these policies, but this is the world we currently live in. An investor's
ability to come to grips with reality, like that reality or not, is an important
first step to wealth creation and preservation.
This is not to imply that historical valuations will never be relevant again.
They will be, but not until people stop buying into the Federal Reserve's assertion
that "core" inflation is low and debt at all levels of the economy is not cause
for concern. It does not appear that the music is about to stop based on current
conditions and public perceptions. You can expect us to enter another FED easing
cycle at some point in the not too distant future.
From an investment standpoint, this means you need to prepare for the next
inflationary cycle. Since a basic understanding of an entire inflationary cycle
(the good and the bad) may be critical to creation and preservation of wealth,
we will take a quick look at Germany's infamous inflationary period, which
began in 1923, in Part 2 of this series. Parts 3 through 7 will focus on five
major investing themes that will impact all investors as this inflationary
cycle continues to play out.
The focus of this series will be on how to approach the markets based on what
is actually happening in our inflationary world. It will not focus on serious
commentary of current economic policy or make any firm predictions about the
future. It will simply attempt to understand where we are today in a historical
context and where we may (emphasis on may) be headed based on a historical
context. We can use Mark Twain's wisdom to our advantage, "The past does not
repeat itself, but it rhymes."
Coming Soon: Part 2 of 7 - Germany's Inflation In The 1920's
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