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In A Short History of Financial Euphoria, John Kenneth Galbraith observes: "All
crises have involved debt that, in one fashion or another, has become dangerously
out of scale in relation to the underlying means of payment." We have now reached
this 'Minsky
Moment.' According to Morgan Stanley, the risk
is now greater than 50% that the financial system "will come to a grinding
halt." In this Bloomberg
video, Gregory Peters, head of Credit Strategy for Morgan Stanley, describes
the process of securitization, which "has created this cheap financing environment," as "broken." Goldman
Sachs chief, U.S. economist Jan
Hatzius, estimates that lending will be curbed by $2 Trillion. The last
time the economy had to endure this kind of systemic shock was 1930:
"Several brokerage houses tumbled; blue-sky investment companies formed during
the happy bull market days went to smash, disclosing miserable tales of rascality;
over a thousand banks caved in during 1930, as a result of marking down both
of real estate and of securities; and in December occurred the largest bank
failure in American financial history, the fall of the ill-named Bank of the
United States in New York." (Only Yesterday: An Informal History of the 1920's
by Fredrick Lewis Allen)
Here's what investors should do:
First: Protect Principal
To protect against investment losses, investors should sell assets and hold
cash. As credit tightens, cash rises against leveraged assets (or assets fall).
This occurred dramatically in the credit busts of the 1930s, 1880s and 1840s.
When we state 'cash' we specifically mean U.S. Treasury Bills. There are many
other financial alternatives touted as cash but these should be avoided. No
private insurer, corporation, or institution can compete with the full faith
and credit of the United States Government. Investors should especially stay
clear of money market funds which include asset-backed commercial paper.
Second: Reduce Barriers To Ownership
Complex arrangements weaken ownership claim. Remember with any fund, investors
own shares of the fund not the underlying asset. Theoretically, even money
market funds labeled 'U.S. Government-only' can halt share redemptions if the
fund family is having problems.
Third: Be Very Discriminating Where Funds Are Kept
Investors should select brokerage firms that are financially healthy, have
historically few customer legal disputes, and have no investment banking department.
Using these criteria, it is now
becoming evident that Wall Street firms and online
brokerages are ill-prepared to act as a haven during a bear market.
It's Better NOT To Need Insurance
The Securities Investor Protection Corporation insures accounts up to $500,000
($400,000 securities, $100,000 cash). However, its reserve fund is only $1.4Billion.
The SIPC also has the ability to borrow $1B from a consortium of banks (assuming
they aren't the ones in trouble!) and $1B from the Treasury department. Compare
$3.4B in total SIPC insurance to the Royal Bank of Scotland's estimate
of $250B to $500B in losses from this credit crisis. Is this an apple to
oranges comparison? Not hardly, both customer securities and Level 3 assets
are the financial institution's assets. It's no wonder that when we spoke with
the SIPC's legal department they are warning 'over-the-limit' investors to "do
their due diligence when selecting a brokerage."
Some brokerage
firms have additional account insurance from the Customer Asset Protection
Company ("CAPCO"). According to Standard and Poor's rating service, CAPCO "relies
on highly rated reinsurers for remotely possible extremely large losses." In
the latest
S&P report, 'remotely possible' and 'extremely remote' are used quite
frequently in describing a probable maximum loss (PML) or "when one brokerage
firm loses 0.20% of customer assets." But how much is really held in reserve
or arranged through reinsurers to back accounts if the worst were to occur? "CAPCO's
management maintains the confidentiality of its financial statements." Even
worse, questions for
more information are directed to 'participants' or the brokerages themselves.
What we do know is that reinsurers are dealing
with losses of their own. Our conclusion is that investors should not
rely on bailouts from insurance companies and should instead move funds immediately
to more secure financial institutions. Even if an insurance company was able
to pay, who wants the headache of dealing with the claims process?
Lamont Trading Advisors, Inc. is an investment management firm that specializes
in the preservation of wealth. Visit www.ltadvisors.net for
more information. This Investment Flash can be freely distributed with proper
attribution. Our monthly Investment
Analysis Report provides a more in-depth look at the markets and requires
a subscription fee of $40 a month.
***No graph, chart, formula or other device offered can in and
of itself be used to make trading decisions.
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