Now that the Fed and the Treasury Department have clumsily come to the rescue
of the financial titans of Wall Street, it is now politically dangerous to
resist similar pleas from just about everybody else. Populism is emerging as
a dominant theme is this election year, and with so much largesse showered
on Bear Stearns and JP Morgan Chase, politicians are demanding even more generous
terms for consumers. In Washington, it seems that two wrongs apparently make
a right. Another downside to corporate bailouts is that they provide the critics
of free market capitalism with plenty of excuses to weigh down American economic
vitality with even more unnecessary regulation.
In the first place, the current mess did not result from a failure of the
free market, but from too much government interference. The real estate bubble,
and the shaky securitized products it spawned, resulted from the Fed artificially
setting interest rates too low. Had interest rates been allowed to find their
market levels, rather than be set by government decree, the real estate bubble
never would have been inflated in the first place.
In a nation short on savings and heavy with debt, the free market would naturally
set interest rates quite high. With lots of demand for credit, but a limited
supply of savings, the risk of lending and therefore the price of credit (interest
rates) would be high. Although onerous to borrowers, high rates would have
both encouraged saving and discouraged borrowing. In the end, these market
forces would reduce interest rates and produce a more stable balance between
savings and consumption. However, the Fed did not want American consumers to
be subjected to free market discipline that might otherwise reign in their
non-stop spending. After all, reckless consumption was falsely believed to
be the engine of our prosperity.
So the Fed fixed the price of credit (interest rates) well below the rate
that would have been set by the free market. This sent false economic signals
to the market that more savings were available than actually existed, leading
to an over-investment in housing. Also, by keeping the rate of interest below
the rate of inflation, rampant speculation was encouraged, and the foundation
was laid for the very type of mortgage financing that has now come back to
bite us.
In the second place, no one on Wall Street should be bailed out. The effects
of the bursting of the housing bubble should be dealt with by the market, despite
the fact that the underlying bubble itself was a byproduct of government intervention.
Apart from the problems created by interfering with the market's attempts
to restore balance and reallocate resources, bailouts create all sorts of moral
hazards. After all, why should bailouts be limited to investment banks or overstretched
homeowners? What about renters who also borrowed too much money? What about
those behind on their credit cards, auto or student loans? Why shouldn't they
get bailed out? How about small entrepreneurs whose start-up businesses failed
-- should they get bailed out as well?
In market economies all sorts of people lose money, sometimes as a result
of circumstances entirely beyond their control. While this is clearly not the
case for most homeowners and mortgage lenders, some would obviously fall within
that category. However, it is not up to government to rescue them. Even if
some borrowers and lenders were lead astray by the false economic signals sent
by the Fed, they are never-the-less responsible for any losses they might have
incurred as a result of following them. The real danger is that while government
interference is actually at fault, it's the free-market that ends up taking
the blame.
For a more in depth analysis of our financial problems and the inherent dangers
they pose for the U.S. economy and U.S. dollar denominated investments, read
my new book "Crash Proof: How to Profit from the Coming Economic Collapse." Click here to
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